To Boldly Go: America's Next Era in Space. The Plasma Universe
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Dr. France Cordova, NASA's Chief Scientist, chaired this, the eighth seminar in the Administrator's Seminar Series. She introduced the NASA Administrator, Daniel S. Goldin, who, in turn, introduced the subject of plasma. Plasma, an ionized gas, is a function of temperature and density. We ve learned that, at Jupiter, the radiation is dense. But, Goldin asked, what else do we know? Dr. Cordova then introduced Dr. James Van Allen, for whom the Van Allen radiation belt was named. Dr. Van Allen, a member of the University of Iowa faculty, discussed the growing interest in practical applications of space physics, including radiation fields and particles, plasmas and ionospheres. He listed a hierarchy of magnetic fields, beginning at the top, as pulsars, the Sun, planets, interplanetary medium, and interstellar medium. He pointed out that we have investigated eight of the nine known planets,. He listed three basic energy sources as 1) kinetic energy from flowing plasma such as constitutional solar wind or interstellar wind; 2) rotational energy of the planet, and 3) orbital energy of satellites. He believes there are seven sources of energetic particles and five potential places where particles may go. The next speaker, Dr. Ian Axford of New Zealand, has been associated with the Max Planck Institut fuer Aeronomie and plasma physics. He has studied solar and galactic winds and clusters of galaxies of which there are several thousand. He believes that the solar wind temperature is in the millions of degrees. The final speaker was Dr. Roger Blanford of the California Institute of Technology. He classified extreme plasmas as lab plasmas and cosmic plasmas. Cosmic plasmas are from supernovae remnants. These have supplied us with heavy elements and may come via a shock front of 10(sup 15) electron volts. To understand the physics of plasma, one must learn about x-rays, the maximum energy of acceleration by supernova remnants, particle acceleration and composition of cosmic rays, maximum acceleration, and how fast protons are heated by ions. He asked questions about where high energy cosmic rays are made, what accelerates electrons, radiates gamma rays, makes electronpositron plasma, and finally noted that pulsars are good time keepers, but we need a better understanding of their mechanism and of plasmas, both cosmic and ground-based. In the discussion period, Goldin asked if NASA should put up an x-ray interferometer. The answer was no; gamma rays are of greater interest just now. Goldin also asked what the assembled scientists would like to see for a future mission? They expressed an interest in learning more about the origin of galaxies, cosmic rays, solar systems, planets, the existence of life "out there", gamma ray sources, the nature of gamma ray bursts, and the flow of gases around black holes. The discussion concluded with a suggestion that NASA should communicate to the general public more information regarding actual technological trials and tribulations involved in getting an experiment to work. The speakers thought that this would help non-scientists to better appreciate what it is that NASA does in connection with the benefits that are achieved.
Comments
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has this been hidden from the public by Dark Matter theorist? I'm so glad this popped up! it explains more then I have found on the Thunderbolts project and it's from NASA's which really makes me wonder... Does NASA have amnesia or Alzheimer's?
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Really poor production values. This man, Dr Van Allen, has Knowledge but they disrespect him by not doing a sound check and contrast and focus check on the projection screen. Also the video and sound are out of sink.
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I came to Electric Universe just recently and it's something that seems to make sense. However, when I try to get more information about this I always end up in the Thunderbolts Project, whom are more interested in dumping the actual theories then explaining theirs. If you think you have a better answer to cosmological events, explain them. Just attacking the other side is just as bad as the other side don't want to consider your ideias. Fill up the internet with explanaitions that common people can understand. This attacking way is not the way.
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Immanuel Velikovsky was laughed at for this 50 years ago...See Thunderbolts Project here on youtube for more information on Plasma universe
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It's an electric universe!
All your base are belong to us. -
how egocentric the title is,Earth is no longer here comes America alone...
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I wish they would stop with the black hole stuff
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your are a funny guy... what did you not understand? Your picture of the moon with your new camera was pretty cool. I only have my phone but I got the internet, I love NASA picture they are way cool. Did you do the Space App Challenge ? Have you invented any thing or have a Theory that you would like to share? I would like to hear it. What part of Canada are you? You must be by an airport with that many chemtrails. As an older guy like me I am sure we can teach each other something.
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plasma is the dominant phase of visible matter in the universe. it can be used for all sorts of things not withstanding the massive ignorance of humanity. my site shows how to use it for electricity generation cosmicelectrodynamics.blogspot.com
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got it, Launched in February 1997, the international VLBI Space Observatory Project (VSOP) so this film was 1996
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further if you look at any image of the presenters in post 2000 it's clear this film is 20 years old... 445 views? Hmmmmm
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what year was this released? I have to ask as its on VHS... the dress code is 80/90s and they are using projectors with slides... no digital. This is news in 2012 but was presented 20 years ago? Confusing...
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They take Alfven's name in vain. He would never want to be associated with this nonsense. See 'Thunderbolts of the Gods' for some real plasma science.
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