Gamma-Ray Bursts: Crash Course Astronomy #40
About | Information | History | Online | Facts | Discovery
Gamma-ray bursts are not only incredible to study, but their discovery has an epic story all its own. Today Phil takes you through some Cold War history and then dives into what we know. Bursts come in two rough varieties: Long and short. Long ones are from hypernovae, massive stars exploding, sending out twin beams of matter and energy. Short ones are from merging neutron stars. Both kinds are so energetic they are visible for billions of light years, and both are also the birth announcements of black holes. Crash Course Astronomy Poster: http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-astronomy-poster -- Table of Contents Gamma-Ray Were Discovered During the Cold War 0:47 Bursts Come in Two Varieties: Long and Short 8:35 Long Bursts Are From Hypernovae, Massive Stars Exploding 6:46 Short Ones Are From Merging Neutron Stars 9:00 Both Are The Birthplace of Black holes 9:55 -- PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios Follow Phil on Twitter: https://twitter.com/badastronomer Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Twitter - http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse Tumblr - http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com Support CrashCourse on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse -- PHOTOS/VIDEOS Nuclear Bomb Images via Wikimedia Commons: Operation Upshot Knothole https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Operation_Upshot-Knothole_-_Badger_001.jpg Ivy Mike https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IvyMike2.jpg Castle Bravo https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_Bravo#/media/File:Castle_Bravo_Blast.jpg Upshot Knothole GRABLE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Upshot-Knothole_GRABLE.jpg President Kennedy signs the Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_Nuclear_Test_Ban_Treaty#/media/File:President_Kennedy_signs_Nuclear_Test_Ban_Treaty,_07_October_1963.jpg [credit: Wikimedia Commons] Vela http://www.losangeles.af.mil/shared/media/photodb/photos/2013/06/130605-F-IN001-011.jpg [credit: USAF] The Crab Nebula https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_1604.html [credit: NASA, ESA, J. Hester, A. Loll (ASU)] Solar Flare http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/news/News041612-M1.7flare.html [credit: NASA/SDO/AIA] Gamma Ray Burst http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=20139 [credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab] Four ALMA antennas on the Chajnantor plain http://www.eso.org/public/images/alma-jfs-2010-10/ [credit: ESO/José Francisco Salgado (josefrancisco.org)] Gamma Ray Burst 970228 https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo9730b/ [credit: Andrew Fruchter (STScI), Elena Pian (ITSRE-CNR), and NASA/ESA] HST/STIS Image of the optical afterglow of w:GRB 970508 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRB_970508#/media/File:StisI.gif [credit: STScI/NASA] Black Holes: Monsters in Space http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/nustar/multimedia/pia16695.html [credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech] Naked-Eye Gamma-ray Burst Model for GRB 080319B http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=10369 [credit: NASA/Swift/Cruz deWilde] 2008 GRB http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/218810main_grb_20080320_HI.jpg [credit: NASA/Swift/Stefan Immler, et al.] GRB Data http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/134782main_GRB_data_compare_black_sm.jpg [credit: NASA] Imagine two massive stars born together as a binary star http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2005/j0806/wd_lg.mpg [credit: NASA/GSFC/D. Berry] Colliding Binary Neutron stars http://chandra.harvard.edu/resources/animations/neutronstars.html?page=4 [credit: NASA/D.Berry] Black Hole Devours a Neutron Star http://chandra.harvard.edu/resources/animations/neutronstars.html?page=5 [credit: NASA/D.Berry] Eta Carinae https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eta_Carinae#/media/File:Eta_Carinae.jpg [credit: Jon Morse (University of Colorado) & NASA Hubble Space Telescope] WR 104: A Pinwheel Star System http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap140603.html [credit: P. Tuthill (U. Sydney) & J. Monnier (U. Michigan), Keck Obs., ARC, NSF] Swift HD Beauty Shot http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=10867 [credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center] Swift's 500 Gamma-ray Bursts http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=10590 [credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center]
Comments
-
Those kerbals though. Bottom left
-
do you ever wonder what the black stuff in space is?? @_@
-
What would happen if one of the beams went right passed earth but was close
-
Could this be a sign from the stars?
-
gamma ray burst are dangerous because its kill you in back in Milky Way
-
DEEP SPACE
DUN DUN DUNNNNNNNNNNN -
Hulk smash neutron stars. Get bigger.
-
how can you see a GRB with your naked eye? dont suppose we are blind to gamma rays?
-
8:23
-
8:02 coooool
-
WYOMING????
-
witch is a neutron star withsuper magnetar
-
magnetar
-
so why isn't the gamma-ray burst red shifted?
-
Thank you very much for making this video! Wow, Phil, you make everything sound amazing, cool and awesome because you are so passionate about space! Yeah, I guess GRBs are really fascinating. Personally, I am more interested in the processes that form them than the rays itself. I did not actually know they are from supernovæ and neutron stars collisions and I certainly never had heard the word ‘hypernovæ’ before. Cool. I though GRBs was background radiation from when the Universe formed. If not, what really is background radiation? Microwaves?
Anyway, thank you very much for making this video! The next episode will be far more darker... -
Doesnt Vela mean candle???
-
IF GRBs are BIRTH CRIES OF BLACK HOLES...
THEN WHAT ARE SUPERNOVAE? -
Would it be possible for a black hole to collapse in on itself and exit our universe?
-
Doesn't it seem that if the beam is so narrow that we should be seeing these much less frequently? What's the angle of the cone of GRB that's detectable? Or is that something we don't know yet?
-
Ilove it
14m 5sLenght
8728Rating