Astronomy Chapter 4

Newtons Laws Table of Contents: 00:00 - Chapter 4: Making Sense of the Universe Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 00:11 - Presentation Paused 00:13 - Presentation Resumed 00:13 - 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life 00:24 - How do we describe motion? 00:59 - Acceleration of Gravity 01:20 - Acceleration of Gravity (g) 01:46 - Momentum and Force 02:03 - How is mass different from weight? 02:24 - Why are astronauts weightless in space? 02:46 - What have we learned? 03:03 - What have we learned? 03:20 - 4.2 Newton's Laws of Motion 03:31 - How did Newton change our view of the universe? 04:00 - What are Newton's three laws of motion? 04:35 - Slide 14 04:48 - Slide 15 05:09 - What have we learned? 05:25 - 4.3 Conservation Laws in Astronomy 05:37 - Conservation of Momentum 05:53 - What keeps a planet rotating and orbiting the Sun? 05:54 - Conservation of Angular Momentum 06:15 - Slide 21 06:31 - Where do objects get their energy? 06:50 - Basic Types of Energy 07:10 - Thermal Energy: 07:25 - Temperature Scales 07:51 - Slide 26 08:00 - Gravitational Potential Energy 08:16 - Gravitational Potential Energy 08:33 - Mass-Energy 09:04 - Conservation of Energy 09:24 - What have we learned? 09:44 - 4.4 The Force of Gravity 10:00 - What determines the strength of gravity? 11:29 - How does Newton's law of gravity extend Kepler's laws? 11:43 - Slide 35 13:23 - Newton's version of Kepler's third law 13:42 - How do gravity and energy together allow us to understand orbits? 13:44 - Changing an Orbit 13:45 - Escape Velocity 14:03 - Slide 40 14:04 - Slide 41 14:05 - How does gravity cause tides? 14:23 - Tides and Phases 14:24 - Tidal Friction 14:43 - Why does the moon always show us the same face? 14:45 - What have we learned? 14:46 - What have we learned?